c复制代码//一般使用前面两个下划线，中间一个下划线，后面两个下划线
#ifndef __TEST_H__
#define __TEST_H__
int Add(int x, int y);
#endif

c复制代码#pragma once
int Add(int x, int y);

c复制代码struct student {
    int age;
    int sex;
}

c复制代码#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
 
// 第一个命名空间
namespace first_space{
   void func(){
      cout << "Inside first_space" << endl;
   }
}
// 第二个命名空间
namespace second_space{
   void func(){
      cout << "Inside second_space" << endl;
   }
}
using namespace first_space;
int main ()
{
 
   // 调用第一个命名空间中的函数
   func();
   // 调用第一个命名空间中的函数
   first_space::func(); 
   // 调用第二个命名空间中的函数 
   second_space::func();
   
   return 0;
}

c复制代码int i = 10;
float f = static_cast<float>(i); // 静态将int类型转换为float类型

c复制代码#ifndef __SIZE_T
#define __SIZE_T
typedef unsigned int size_t;
#endif

python复制代码{"outlines": "Assistants API\n✅1. OpenAI 给了我们更大空间\n✅2. 原生 API、GPTs、Assistants API、国产/开源大模型选型参考\n✅3. Assistants API 的主要能力\n✅4. 做一个自己的 GPT\n  1. 创建 assistant\n  2. 管理 thread\n  3. 添加 message\n  4. 开始 run\n  5. 中控调度\n  6. Function Calling\n  7. Code Interpreter\n  8. RAG", "user_input": "别进reddit的中文话题，那是最没营养的区域", "label": "N"}
{"outlines": "【神秘嘉宾】大模型时代的AI产品新挑战\n1. AI 能力演进路线\n✅2. LLMs 带来的变化\n✅3. 如何将大模型落地到实际场景中\n✅4. LLMs 存在哪些问题\n✅5. LLMs 落地三要素\n✅6. LLMs 短期、中期和长期落地方向", "user_input": "对话式交互也不是所有场景都合适", "label": "N"}

python复制代码import json

data = []
with open('D:\GitHub\LEARN_LLM\langsmith\my_annotations.jsonl','r',encoding='utf-8') as fp:
    for line in fp:
        example = json.loads(line.strip())
        item = {
            "input": {
                "outlines": example["outlines"],
                "user_input": example["user_input"]
            },
            "expected_output": example["label"]
        }
        data.append(item)
        
from langsmith import Client

client = Client()

dataset_name = "assistant-001"

dataset = client.create_dataset(
    dataset_name, #数据集名称
    description="AGI课堂的标注数据", #数据集描述
)

client.create_examples(
    inputs=[{"input":item["input"]} for item in data[:50]],  # 只是演示，所以只上传了前50条测试数据
    outputs=[{"output":item["expected_output"]} for item in data[:50]], 
    dataset_id=dataset.id
)

python复制代码from langchain.evaluation import StringEvaluator
from nltk.translate.bleu_score import sentence_bleu, SmoothingFunction
import re
from typing import Optional, Any

class AccuracyEvaluator(StringEvaluator):

    def __init__(self):
        pass

    def _evaluate_strings(
        self,
        prediction: str,
        input: Optional[str] = None,
        reference: Optional[str] = None,
        **kwargs: Any
    ) -> dict:
        return {"score": int(prediction==reference)}

from langchain.evaluation import EvaluatorType
from langchain.smith import RunEvalConfig

evaluation_config = RunEvalConfig(
    # 自定义评估标准
    custom_evaluators=[AccuracyEvaluator()],
)

python复制代码from langchain.prompts import PromptTemplate

need_answer=PromptTemplate.from_template("""
*********
你是AIGC课程的助教，你的工作是从学员的课堂交流中选择出需要老师回答的问题，加以整理以交给老师回答。
 
课程内容:
{outlines}
*********
学员输入:
{user_input}
*********
如果这是一个需要老师答疑的问题，回复Y，否则回复N。
只回复Y或N，不要回复其他内容。""")

model = ChatOpenAI(temperature=0,model_kwargs={"seed":42})
parser = StrOutputParser()

chain_v1 = (
    {
        "outlines":lambda x: x["input"]["outlines"],
        "user_input":lambda x: x["input"]["user_input"],
    }
    | need_answer
    | model
    | parser
)

python复制代码from langchain.smith import (
    arun_on_dataset,
    run_on_dataset,
)

from langsmith import Client

client = Client()

async def test_run():
    dataset_name = "assistant-001"
    results = await arun_on_dataset(
        dataset_name=dataset_name,
        llm_or_chain_factory=chain_v1,
        evaluation=evaluation_config,
        verbose=True,
        client=client,
        project_name="test-002",
        tags=[
            "prompt_v1",
        ],  # 可选，自定义的标识
    )
    print(results)
    
asyncio.run(test_run())

python复制代码import asyncio
from langchain_openai import ChatOpenAI
from langchain.prompts import PromptTemplate
from langchain.schema.output_parser import StrOutputParser
from langchain.schema.runnable import RunnablePassthrough
from langchain.schema import HumanMessage
from langchain.prompts.chat import HumanMessagePromptTemplate
from langchain.prompts import ChatPromptTemplate
from langchain.evaluation import StringEvaluator
from nltk.translate.bleu_score import sentence_bleu, SmoothingFunction
import re
from typing import Optional, Any

ts复制代码<script setup>
import { HoverCardArrow, HoverCardContent, HoverCardPortal, HoverCardRoot, HoverCardTrigger } from '@yi-ui/vue'
</script>

<template>
  <HoverCardRoot>
    <!-- 触发器 -->
    <HoverCardTrigger />
    <!-- 触发内容 -->
    <HoverCardPortal>
      <HoverCardContent>
        <div>
            render content
        </div>
        <!-- 触发内容的箭头 -->
        <HoverCardArrow />
      </HoverCardContent>
    </HoverCardPortal>
  </HoverCardRoot>
</template>

ts复制代码import { beforeEach, afterEach, beforeAll, afterAll, describe, expect, test, it } from 'vitest'
import { ref } from 'vue'

// 因为有三个测试用例，所以 beforeEach 会执行三次
const a = ref(0)
beforeEach(async () => {
    a.value = 2
    console.log('a 赋值为：', a.value);
})

// 只会执行一次
const b = ref(0)
beforeAll(async () => {
    b.value = 3
    console.log('b 赋值为：', b.value);
})

describe('一个默认的悬浮组件', () => {
    it('测试两个数值相加', () => {
        expect.soft(1 + 2).toBe(3) // 期望 1 + 2 等于 3，实际等于 3
    })

    test('测试两个数值相减', () => {
        expect(2 - 1).toBe(1) // 期望 2 - 1 等于 1，实际等于 1
    })

    it('测试一个数值是否等于 3', () => {
        expect(a.value).toBe(3) // 期望 a 等于 3，实际等于 2
    })
})

// 因为有三个测试用例，所以 afterEach 会执行三次
afterEach(async () => {
    a.value = 0
    console.log('初始化 a 的值为：', a.value);
})

// 只会执行一次
afterAll(async () => {
    b.value = 0
    console.log('初始化 b 的值为：', b.value);
})

bash复制代码pnpm i @vue/test-utils -Dw

ts复制代码import { shallowMount, mount } from '@vue/test-utils';
import MyComponent from '@/components/MyComponent.vue';

// 浅挂载
const wrapperShallow = shallowMount(MyComponent);

// 完全挂载
const wrapperFull = mount(MyComponent);

ts复制代码const wrapper = mount(MyComponent);
const button = wrapper.find('button');

ts复制代码// 查找所有段落
const wrapper = mount(MyComponent);
const all_p = wrapper.findAll('p');

ts复制代码const wrapper = mount(MyComponent);
wrapper.setData({ count: 10 });

ts复制代码const wrapper = mount(MyComponent);
wrapper.setProps({ message: 'Hello' });

ts复制代码const wrapper = mount(MyComponent);
// 获取按钮的属性
const buttonAttributes = wrapper.find('button').attributes();

// 获取段落的类名
const paragraphClasses = wrapper.find('p').classes();

ts复制代码const wrapper = mount(MyComponent);
// 检查事件是否触发
expect(wrapper.emitted().submit).toBeTruthy();

// 获取按顺序触发的事件
const events = wrapper.emittedByOrder();

ts复制代码const wrapper = mount(MyComponent);
wrapper.find('button').trigger('click');

ts复制代码const wrapper = mount(MyComponent);
const vm = wrapper.vm;

ts复制代码const wrapper = mount(MyComponent);
wrapper.destroy();

bash复制代码pnpm i @testing-library/user-event -Dw

ts复制代码<template>
  <div class="wrapper">测试 axe</div>

  <button @click="onHandler">按钮点击</button>

    <div class="hover-card" v-if="visible">
        显示的内容    
    </div>
</template>

<script setup lang="ts">
import { ref } from 'vue'

const visible = ref(false)

const onHandler = () => {
  console.log('点击了按钮')
  visible.value = !visible.value
}
</script>

ts复制代码import { beforeEach, afterEach, beforeAll, afterAll, describe, expect, test, it } from 'vitest'
// import { axe } from 'vitest-axe'
import HoverCard from './HoverCard.vue'
import { mount } from '@vue/test-utils'
import type { VueWrapper } from '@vue/test-utils'
import userEvent from '@testing-library/user-event'


describe('一个默认的悬浮组件', () => {
    let wrapper: VueWrapper<InstanceType<typeof HoverCard>>
    beforeEach(() => {
        wrapper = mount(HoverCard, { attachTo: document.body })
    })

    it('测试 HoverCard 组件中的 click 事件', async () => {
        const user = userEvent.setup()
        const button = wrapper.find('button')
        await user.click(button.element)
        expect(wrapper.find('.hover-card').isVisible()).toBe(true)
    })
})

bash复制代码pnpm i vitest-axe -Dw

ts复制代码import { expect } from 'vitest'
import type { AxeMatchers } from 'vitest-axe/matchers'
import * as matchers from 'vitest-axe/matchers'
import { configureAxe } from 'vitest-axe'
import "vitest-axe/extend-expect";

expect.extend(matchers)

// 拓展 .d.ts 的属性，例如 matchers 中的 toHaveNoViolations，如果你的项目没有用到 ts，可以忽略
declare module 'vitest' {
  export interface Assertion extends AxeMatchers {}
  export interface AsymmetricMatchersContaining extends AxeMatchers {}
}

ts复制代码<template>
  <div class="wrapper">测试 axe</div>
</template>

<script setup lang="ts">

</script>

ts复制代码import { beforeEach, afterEach, beforeAll, afterAll, describe, expect, test, it } from 'vitest'
import { axe } from 'vitest-axe'
import HoverCard from './HoverCard.vue'
import { mount } from '@vue/test-utils'
import type { VueWrapper } from '@vue/test-utils'

describe('一个默认的悬浮组件', () => {
    let wrapper: VueWrapper<InstanceType<typeof HoverCard>>
    beforeEach(() => {
        // 挂载一个 vue 组件
        wrapper = mount(HoverCard, { attachTo: document.body })
    })

    it('测试 HoverCard 组件是否渲染成功', () => {
        expect(wrapper.exists()).toBe(true)
    })

    test('测试 HoverCard 组件是否通过了可访问性测试', async () => {
        expect(await axe(wrapper.element)).toHaveNoViolations()
    })
})

ts复制代码<script setup>
import { HoverCardArrow, HoverCardContent, HoverCardPortal, HoverCardRoot, HoverCardTrigger } from '@yi-ui/vue'
</script>

<template>
  <HoverCardRoot>
    <!-- 触发器 -->
    <HoverCardTrigger />
    <!-- 触发内容 -->
    <HoverCardPortal>
      <HoverCardContent>
        <div>
            render content
        </div>
        <!-- 触发内容的箭头 -->
        <HoverCardArrow />
      </HoverCardContent>
    </HoverCardPortal>
  </HoverCardRoot>
</template>

ts复制代码<script setup lang="ts">
import { ref } from 'vue';
import {
  HoverCardArrow,
  HoverCardContent,
  HoverCardPortal,
  HoverCardRoot,
  HoverCardTrigger,
} from '@/HoverCard';

const hoverState = ref(false);
</script>

<template>
  <HoverCardRoot v-model:open="hoverState">
    <HoverCardTrigger
      class="inline-block cursor-pointer rounded-full shadow-[hsl(206_22%_7%_/_35%)_0px_10px_38px_-10px,hsl(206_22%_7%_/_20%)_0px_10px_20px_-15px] outline-none focus:shadow-[0_0_0_2px_white]"
    >
      悬浮鼠标
    </HoverCardTrigger>
    <HoverCardPortal>
      <HoverCardContent
        class="data-[side=bottom]:animate-slideUpAndFade data-[side=right]:animate-slideLeftAndFade data-[side=left]:animate-slideRightAndFade data-[side=top]:animate-slideDownAndFade w-[300px] rounded-md bg-white p-5 shadow-[hsl(206_22%_7%_/_35%)_0px_10px_38px_-10px,hsl(206_22%_7%_/_20%)_0px_10px_20px_-15px] data-[state=open]:transition-all"
        :side-offset="5"
      >
        <div class="flex flex-col gap-[7px]">
          <div class="flex flex-col gap-[15px]">悬浮内容1</div>
          <div class="flex flex-col gap-[15px]">悬浮内容2</div>
          <div class="flex flex-col gap-[15px]">悬浮内容3</div>
          <div class="flex flex-col gap-[15px]">悬浮内容4</div>
        </div>
        <HoverCardArrow class="fill-white" :width="8" />
      </HoverCardContent>
    </HoverCardPortal>
  </HoverCardRoot>
</template>

ts复制代码import { beforeEach, afterEach, beforeAll, afterAll, describe, expect, test, it } from 'vitest'
import HoverCard from './HoverCard.vue'
import { mount } from '@vue/test-utils'
import type { VueWrapper } from '@vue/test-utils'


describe('一个默认的悬浮组件', () => {
    let wrapper: VueWrapper<InstanceType<typeof HoverCard>>
    beforeEach(() => {
        wrapper = mount(HoverCard, { attachTo: document.body })
    })

    it('测试 HoverCard 组件是否渲染成功', () => {
        expect(wrapper.exists()).toBe(true)
    })
})

ts复制代码import { axe } from 'vitest-axe'

it('测试 HoverCard 组件是否通过了可访问性测试', async () => {
    expect(await axe(wrapper.element)).toHaveNoViolations()
})

ts复制代码describe('模拟 HoverCard 组件中的鼠标移入100ms后', () => {
    it('是否应该通过可访问性测试', async () => {
        await wrapper.find('a').trigger('mouseenter')
        await sleep(100)
        expect(await axe(document.body)).toHaveNoViolations()
    })
})

bash复制代码pnpm coverage

dart复制代码---->[lib/bricks/07/bricks_game.dart]----
final List<Sprite> spriteList = [];
for(int i=1;i<=14;i++){
  String name = 'TCSY_000${i.toString().padLeft(2,'0')}.png';
  spriteList.add(game.loader[name]);
}

SpriteAnimation sa = SpriteAnimation.spriteList(
    spriteList,
    stepTime: 0.05,
    loop: false
);

dart复制代码void showBoomParticle(Vector2 position) {
  /// 同上...
  add(
    ParticleSystemComponent(
        position: position,
        particle: SpriteAnimationParticle(
          lifespan: spriteList.length * 0.05,
          animation: sa,
        )),
  );
}

dart复制代码void onBrickWillRemove(Brick brick) {
  Vector2 brickCenter = brick.absolutePosition + brick.size / 2;
  /// 略其他...
  showBoomParticle(brickCenter);
}

dart复制代码---->[lib/bricks/07/heroes/ball.dart]----
void showPathParticle() {
  CircleParticle circleParticle = CircleParticle(
    radius: 4,
    lifespan: 1,
    paint: Paint()..color = Colors.white.withOpacity(0.2),
  );
  
  final ParticleSystemComponent psc = ParticleSystemComponent(
    position: position - Vector2(0, size.y / 2),
    particle: circleParticle,
  );
  game.world.add(psc);
}

dart复制代码double _timeRecord = 0;
@override
void update(double dt) {
  super.update(dt);
  _timeRecord += dt;
  if (game.status == GameStatus.playing && _timeRecord > 0.06) {
    showPathParticle();
    _timeRecord = 0;
  }
  position += v * dt;
}

dart复制代码--->[lib/bricks/07/heroes/died_line.dart]---
class DiedLine extends SpriteAnimationComponent
    with HasGameRef<BricksGame>, CollisionCallbacks {
  @override
  FutureOr<void> onLoad() {
    final List<Sprite> spriteList = [];
    for (int i = 1; i <= 4; i++) {
      String name = 'lightning${i.toString().padLeft(2, '0')}.png';
      spriteList.add(game.loader[name]);
    }

    animation = SpriteAnimation.spriteList(
      spriteList,
      stepTime: 0.1,
      loop: true,
    );
    size = Vector2(kViewPort.width, 40);

    position = Vector2(0, kViewPort.height - height - 40);

    add(RectangleHitbox());
    return super.onLoad();
  }

  @override
  void onCollisionStart(
      Set<Vector2> intersectionPoints, PositionComponent other) {
    if (other is Ball) {
      other.removeFromParent();
    }
    super.onCollisionStart(intersectionPoints, other);
  }
}

dart复制代码--->[lib/bricks/07/heroes/ball.dart]---
void showDieParticle(Vector2 position) {
  final List<Sprite> spriteList = [];
  for (int i = 1; i <= 12; i++) {
    String name = 'died_${i.toString().padLeft(4, '0')}.png';
    spriteList.add(game.loader[name]);
  }
  SpriteAnimation sa = SpriteAnimation.spriteList(spriteList, stepTime: 0.1, loop: false);
  game.world.add(
    ParticleSystemComponent(
        position: position - Vector2(0, 80),
        particle: SpriteAnimationParticle(
          lifespan: spriteList.length * 0.05,
          animation: sa,
        )),
  );
}

dart复制代码class ResManager {

  ResManager._();
  static ResManager instance = ResManager._();

  late SharedPreferences sp;
  late GameConfigManager configManager;
  GoodsManager goodsManager = GoodsManager();
  List<Level> _levels = [];
  List<Level> get levels => _levels;
  TextureLoader loader = TextureLoader();
  
  void load() async{
    //将BricksGame#onLoad加载数据逻辑迁移到这里。
  }

dart复制代码final StreamController<double> _progressCtrl = StreamController();

Stream<double> get loadStream => _progressCtrl.stream;

void load() async{
  sp = await SharedPreferences.getInstance();
  _progressCtrl.add(0.1);
  configManager = GameConfigManager(sp);
  configManager.loadConfig(sp);
  await loadLevels();
  _progressCtrl.add(0.2);
  await loader.load(
    'assets/images/break_bricks/break_bricks.json',
    'break_bricks/break_bricks.png',
    extra: extraImages,
    loadingCallBack: (total,cur){
      _progressCtrl.add(0.8*(cur/total));
    }
  );
  await goodsManager.loadGoods();
  _progressCtrl.add(1);
  _progressCtrl.close();
}

java复制代码typedef LoadProgressCallBack = void Function(int total, int cur);

dart复制代码class AssetsLoadingPage extends StatefulWidget {
  const AssetsLoadingPage({Key? key}) : super(key: key);

  @override
  State<AssetsLoadingPage> createState() => _AssetsLoadingPageState();
}

class _AssetsLoadingPageState extends State<AssetsLoadingPage> {

  bool get isLoading => _progress != 1;
  double _progress = 0;

  @override
  void initState() {
    super.initState();
    ResManager.instance.load();
    ResManager.instance.loadStream.listen(_onLoading);
  }

dart复制代码void _onLoading(double progress) {
if (progress == 1) {
  Navigator.of(context).pushReplacement(
    MaterialPageRoute(
      builder: (_) => const PlatformAdapterApp(),
    ),
  );
}
_progress = progress;
setState(() {});
}

html复制代码通过 GROUP BY 子句指定的聚合键
聚合函数（SUM 、AVG 等）
常量

sql复制代码DROP TABLE IF EXISTS tbl_student_class;
CREATE TABLE tbl_student_class (
  id int(8) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '自增主键',
  sno varchar(12) NOT NULL COMMENT '学号',
  cno varchar(5) NOT NULL COMMENT '班级号',
  cname varchar(20) NOT NULL COMMENT '班级名',
  PRIMARY KEY (id)
) COMMENT='学生班级表';

-- ----------------------------
-- Records of tbl_student_class
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO tbl_student_class VALUES ('1', '20190607001', '0607', '影视7班');
INSERT INTO tbl_student_class VALUES ('2', '20190607002', '0607', '影视7班');
INSERT INTO tbl_student_class VALUES ('3', '20190608003', '0608', '影视8班');
INSERT INTO tbl_student_class VALUES ('4', '20190608004', '0608', '影视8班');
INSERT INTO tbl_student_class VALUES ('5', '20190609005', '0609', '影视9班');
INSERT INTO tbl_student_class VALUES ('6', '20190609006', '0609', '影视9班');

sql复制代码SELECT cno,cname,count(sno),MAX(sno) 
FROM tbl_student_class
GROUP BY cno;

sql复制代码[Err] 1055 - Expression #2 of SELECT list is not in GROUP BY clause and contains nonaggregated column 'test.tbl_student_class.cname' which is not functionally dependent on columns in GROUP BY clause; this is incompatible with sql_mode=only_full_group_by

html复制代码NO_ZERO_DATE 没启用，0000-00-00 无效，插入不会产生警告
NO_ZERO_DATE 被启用，0000-00-00 有效，插入产生警告
NO_ZERO_DATE 和 严格模式 都启用，0000-00-00 无效，insert 会报错，但是 INSERT IGNORE 和 UPDATE IGNORE 认为 0000-00-00 有效（会产生警告）

html复制代码NO_ZERO_IN_DATE 没启用，0部分日期有效，插入不会产生警告
NO_ZERO_IN_DATE 被启用，0部分日期有效被当做 0000-00-00，插入产生警告
NO_ZERO_DATE 和 严格模式 都启用，0部分日期无效，insert 会报错，但是 INSERT IGNORE 和 UPDATE IGNORE 会将 0部分日期 当做 0000-00-00（产生警告）
至于当做 0000-00-00 后，该如何处理，则往上看 NO_ZERO_DATE

html复制代码启用时，直接抛出错误
禁用时，CREATE 用默认的存储引擎替代，ATLER 不进行更改，并抛出警告

html复制代码前面提到的把 '' 传给 int，严格模式下非法，若启用非严格模式则变成 0，产生一个warning
Out Of Range，变成插入最大边界值
当要插入的新行中，不包含其定义中没有显式 DEFAULT 子句的非NULL列的值时，该列缺少值

sql复制代码-- 查看 MySQL 版本
SELECT VERSION();

-- 查看 sql_mode
SELECT @@sql_mode;

sql复制代码ONLY_FULL_GROUP_BY,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION

sql复制代码SELECT cno,cname,count(sno),MAX(sno) 
FROM tbl_student_class
GROUP BY cno;

swift复制代码var array = ["One", "Two", "Three"]
array.append("Four")

// 由于上面的数组是专门针对字符串的，因此不能插入其他类型的值：
array.append(5)

// 当我们从数组中取出一个元素时，我们仍然可以像正常的字符串一样对待它，因为我们具有完整的类型安全性。
let characterCount = array[0].count

swift复制代码struct Container<Value> {
    var value: Value
    var date: Date
}

swift复制代码let stringContainer = Container(value: "Message", date: Date())
let intContainer = Container(value: 7, date: Date())

swift复制代码class Cache<Key: Hashable, Value> {
    private var values = [Key: Container<Value>]()

    func insert(_ value: Value, forKey key: Key) {
        let expirationDate = Date().addingTimeInterval(1000)

        values[key] = Container(
            value: value,
            date: expirationDate
        )
    }

    func value(forKey key: Key) -> Value? {
        guard let container = values[key] else {
            return nil
        }

        // 如果容器的日期是过去的，那么值已经过期，我们将其从缓存中删除。
        guard container.date > Date() else {
            values[key] = nil
            return nil
        }

        return container.value
    }
}

swift复制代码class UserManager {
    private var cachedUsers = Cache<User.ID, User>()
    ...
}

class SearchController {
    private var cachedResults = Cache<Query, [SearchResult]>() 
    ...
}

swift复制代码extension String {
    mutating func appendIDs<T: Identifiable>(of values: [T]) {
        for value in values {
            append(" \(value.id)")
        }
    }
}

swift复制代码protocol Identifiable {
    associatedtype ID: Equatable & CustomStringConvertible

    var id: ID { get }
}

swift复制代码struct Article: Identifiable {
    let id: UUID
    var title: String
    var body: String
}

struct Tag: Identifiable {
    let id: Int
    var name: String
}

scss复制代码function foo () {
  console.log(this)
}
//进行函数调用
foo()

js复制代码let obj = {
  name: "zpj",
  foo: function () {
    console.log(this)
  }
}
let bar = obj.foo
bar()

js复制代码let obj={
  name:"aaa",
  foo:function(){
    console.log(this);
  }
}
obj.foo()

// { name: 'aaa', foo: [Function: foo] }

js复制代码function foo (name) {
  this.name = name
  console.log(this.name)
}
let bar = new foo("zzz")
console.log(bar)

// zzz
// foo { name: 'zzz' }

js复制代码<ul id="color-list">
  <li>red</li>
  <li>yellow</li>
  <li>blue</li>
  <li>green</li>
  <li>black</li>
  <li>white</li>
</ul>

js复制代码// this 是绑定事件的元素
// target 是触发事件的元素 和 srcElememnt 等价
let colorList = document.getElementById("color-list");
colorList.addEventListener("click", function (event) {
  console.log('this:', this);
  console.log('target:', event.target);
  console.log('srcElement:', event.srcElement);
})

html复制代码<div id="div1">我是一个div</div>

js复制代码window.id = 'window';
document.getElementById('div1').onclick = function(){
  console.log(this.id); // div1
  const callback = function(){
    console.log(this.id); // 因为是普通函数调用，所以 this 指向 window
  }
  callback();
}

js复制代码window.id = 'window';
document.getElementById('div1').onclick = function(){
  console.log(this.id); // div1
  const that = this; // 保存当前 this 的指向
  const callback = function(){
    console.log(that.id); // div1
  }
  callback();
}

js复制代码function foo(name,age){
  console.log(this);
  console.log(name,age);
}
const obj = {
  name:"zs",
  age:12,
}
foo.call(obj,'ls',30)

// { name: 'zs', age: 12 }
// ls 30

js复制代码function foo (name, age) {
  console.log(this)
  console.log(name, age)
}
const obj = {
  name: "zs",
  age: 12,
}
foo.apply(obj, ['nnn', 45])

// { name: 'zs', age: 12 }
// ls 30

js复制代码function foo(){
  console.log("foo",this)
}

let obj = {
  name:"why"
}

let bar = foo.bind(obj)
bar()

js复制代码setTimeout(function () {
  console.log(this, "1")
}, 500)
setTimeout(() => {
  console.log(this, "2")
}, 500)

js复制代码let box = document.querySelector(".test")
box.onclick = function () {
  console.log(this)
}

js复制代码const array = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]
array.forEach(item => {
  console.log(this)
})

js复制代码function foo () {
  console.log(this.name)
}
let obj = {
  name: "zzz",
  bar: foo
}
obj.bar.call({
  name: "aaa"
})

// aaa

js复制代码function foo (name) {
  this.name = name
  console.log(this.name)
}
let obj = {
  name: "zzz",
  bar: foo
}
new obj.bar("ccc")

// ccc

js复制代码function foo (name) {
  this.name = name
  console.log(this.name)
}

let bar = foo.bind("zzz")
new bar("ccc")

// ccc

js复制代码function foo () {
  console.log(this)
}

let bar = foo.bind("zzz")
bar.call("aaa")

// zzz

js复制代码function foo () {
  console.log(this)
}

foo.apply(null)
foo.apply(undefined)

// window
// window

js复制代码var obj1 = {
  name:"obj1",
  foo:function(){
    console.log("foo",this)
  }
}
var obj2={
  name:"obj2"
};
(obj2.foo = obj1.foo)()

// window

js复制代码// 普通函数方式
function foo1(){}
// 函数表达式方式
let foo2 = function(){}

js复制代码// 箭头函数的完整写法
// 1.()函数的参数
// 2.{}函数体
let foo3 = (name,age)=>{
  console.log(name);
  console.log(age);
}

js复制代码let name = ["abc","bca","nba"];
name.forEach(item=>{
  console.log(item);
})

js复制代码let name = ["a","b","c"];
name.filter(item=> console.log(item))

js复制代码let name = ["a","b","c"];
name.filter(item=>item==='a')

js复制代码let arr = ()=>({name:"zzz",age:12})

js复制代码let nums = [20,30,11,15,111]

js复制代码/*
*1.首先调用filter函数然后返回
*2.然后调用map函数然后返回
*3.然后调用reduce计算后返回。
*/
let nums = [20, 30, 11, 15, 111]
let num = nums.filter(item => item % 2 === 0)
  .map(item => item * item)
  .reduce((pre, cur) => pre + cur, 0)
console.log(num)

// 1300

js复制代码let bar =()=>{
  console.log(this)
}
// window

js复制代码let bar =()=>{
  console.log(this)
}
bar.call({name:"zzz"})
// window

js复制代码let obj = {
  name: "obj",
  foo: function () {
    let bar = () => {
      console.log(this)
    }
    return bar
  }
}
let fn = obj.foo()
fn.call("bbb")

// obj

js复制代码const o1 = {
  text: 'o1',
  fn: function () {
    return this.text;
  }
}

const o2 = {
  text: 'o2',
  fn: function () {
    return o1.fn();
  }
}

const o3 = {
  text: 'o3',
  fn: function () {
    var fn = o1.fn;
    return fn();
  }
}

console.log(o1.fn()); // o1
console.log(o2.fn()); // o1
console.log(o3.fn()); // undefined

js复制代码var name = "window";
var person = {
  name:"person",
  sayName:function(){
    console.log(this.name);
  }
}
function sayName(){
  var sss = person.sayName;
  sss(); // window
  person.sayName(); // person
  (person.sayName)(); // person  等价于 person.sayName()
  (b=person.sayName)(); // window
}
sayName();

js复制代码var name = 'window'
var person1 = {
  name:'person1'
    foo1:function(){
  console.log(this.name)
},
foo2:()=>console.log(this.name),
  foo3:function(){
  return function(){
    console.log(this.name)
  }
},
foo4:function(){
  return ()=>{
    console.log(this.name)
  }
}
}

var person2 = {name:'person2'}
person1.foo1(); // person1
person1.foo1.call(person2); // person2

person1.foo2() // window
person1.foo2.call(person2); // window

person1.foo3()(); //window 独立函数调用
person1.foo3.call(person2)() // window // 默认调用
person1.foo3().call(person2) // person2
person1.foo4()() // person1
person1.foo4.call(person2)() // person2
person1.foo4().call(person2) // person1

js复制代码var name = "window"
function Person(name){
  this.name = name
  this.foo1 = function(){
    console.log(this.name)
  }
  this.foo2 = ()=>console.log(this.name)
  this.foo3 = function(){
    return function(){
      console.log(this.name)
    }
  }
  this.foo4 = function(){
    return ()=>{
      console.log(this.name)
    }
  }
}
var person1 = new Person('person1')
var person2 = new Person('person2')
person1.foo1() // person1
person1.foo1.call(person2) //person2
person1.foo2() // person1
person1.foo2.call(person2) // person1
person1.foo3()() // window
person1.foo3.call(perosn2)() // window
person1.foo3().call(person2) // person2
person1.foo4()() // person1
person1.foo4.call(person2)() // person2
person1.foo4().call(person2) // person1

js复制代码var name = "window"
function Person(name){
  this.name = name
  this.obj = {
    name:'obj',
    foo:function(){
      return function(){
        console.log(this.name)
      }
    },
    foo2:function(){
      return ()=>{
        console.log(this.name)
      }
    }
  }
}

var person1 = new Person('person1')
var person2 = new Person('person2')
person1.obj.foo1()() // window 独立函数调用
person1.obj.foo1.call(person2)() // window
person1.obj.foo1().call(person2) // person2
person1.obj.foo2()() // obj
person1.obj.foo2.call(person2)() // person2
person1.obj.foo2().call(person2) // obj

js复制代码function outFun2() {
  var inVariable = "内层变量2";
}
outFun2();
console.log(inVariable); // Uncaught ReferenceError: inVariable is not defined

js复制代码var outVariable = "我是最外层变量"; //最外层变量
function outFun() { //最外层函数
  var inVariable = "内层变量";
  function innerFun() { //内层函数
    console.log(inVariable);
  }
  innerFun();
}
console.log(outVariable); // 我是最外层变量
outFun(); // 内层变量
console.log(inVariable); // inVariable is not defined
innerFun(); // innerFun is not defined

js复制代码function outFun2() {
  variable = "未定义直接赋值的变量";
  var inVariable2 = "内层变量2";
}
outFun2();//要先执行这个函数，否则根本不知道里面是啥
console.log(variable); //未定义直接赋值的变量
console.log(inVariable2); //inVariable2 is not defined

js复制代码// 张三写的代码中
var data = {a: 100}

// 李四写的代码中
var data = {x: true}

js复制代码function doSomething(){
  var stuName="zhangsan";
  function innerSay(){
    console.log(stuName);
  }
  innerSay();
}
console.log(stuName); // 脚本错误
innerSay(); // 脚本错误

js复制代码if (true) {
  // 'if' 条件语句块不会创建一个新的作用域
  var name = 'Hammad'; // name 依然在全局作用域中
}
console.log(name); // logs 'Hammad'

js复制代码function getValue(condition) {
  if (condition) {
    let value = "blue";
    return value;
  } else {
    // value 在此处不可用
    return null;
  }
  // value 在此处不可用
}

js复制代码var count = 30;
let count = 40; // Uncaught SyntaxError: Identifier 'count' has already been declared

js复制代码var count = 30;
// 不会抛出错误
if (condition) {
  let count = 40;
  // 其他代码
}

js复制代码<button>测试1</button>
  <button>测试2</button>
  <button>测试3</button>

var btns = document.getElementsByTagName('button')
for (var i = 0; i < btns.length; i++) {
  btns[i].onclick = function () {
    console.log('第' + (i + 1) + '个')
  }
}

js复制代码for (let i = 0; i < btns.length; i++) {
  btns[i].onclick = function () {
    console.log('第' + (i + 1) + '个')
  }
}

js复制代码var a = 100
function fn() {
  var b = 200
  console.log(a) // 这里的 a 在这里就是一个自由变量
  console.log(b)
}
fn()

js复制代码var a = 100
function f1() {
  var b = 200
  function f2() {
    var c = 300
    console.log(a) // 100 自由变量，顺作用域链向父作用域找
    console.log(b) // 200 自由变量，顺作用域链向父作用域找
    console.log(c) // 300 本作用域的变量
  }
  f2()
}
f1()

js复制代码const food = "rice";
const eat = function () {
  console.log(`eat ${food}`);
};
(function () {
  const food = "noodle";
  eat(); // eat rice
})();

js复制代码const food = "rice";
(function () {
  const food = "noodle";
  const eat = function () {
    console.log(`eat ${food}`);
  };
  eat(); // eat noodle
})();

xml复制代码using System; 
using System.Text.RegularExpressions; 
using BenchmarkDotNet; 
using BenchmarkDotNet.Attributes; 
namespace BenchmarkRegex 
{ 
   public class Benchmarks 
   { 
      private const string Pattern = @"(cie|(?<!c)ei)"; 
      private const string GoodText = "Good: ceiling, receipt, deceive, chief, field, believe."; 
      private const string BadText = "Bad: species, science, sufficient, seize, vein, weird."; 
      static bool printMeOnce = false; 
 
     [Benchmark] 
      public void Scenario1() 
      { 
         // Implement your benchmark here var 
         f = Regex.IsMatch(GoodText + BadText, Pattern); 
         if (!printMeOnce) foreach (Match match in Regex.Matches(GoodText+BadText, Pattern, RegexOptions.None)) 
            Console.WriteLine("Found '{0}' at position {1}", match.Value, match.Index); 
         printMeOnce = true; 
      } 
   } 
}

csharp复制代码.. 
private const string Pattern = @"(cie|(?<!c)ei)"; 
private static readonly string StaticPattern = @"(cie|(?<!c)ei)"; 
.. 
[Benchmark] public void Scenario1() 
{ 
  // Implement your benchmark here 
  Regex.Matches(GoodText+BadText, Pattern, RegexOptions.None); 
} 
 
[Benchmark] public void Scenario2() 
{ 
  // Implement your benchmark here 
  Regex.Matches(GoodText+BadText, StaticPattern, RegexOptions.None); 
} 
..

csharp复制代码private const string Pattern = @"(cie|(?<!c)ei)"; 
private static readonly string StaticPattern = @"(cie|(?<!c)ei)"; 
private static readonly Regex CompiledRegex = new(Pattern, RegexOptions.Compiled); 
.. 
[Benchmark] public void Scenario3() 
{ 
   CompiledRegex.Matches(GoodText+BadText); 
} 
..